Las tierras de cultivo mediterráneas son agroecosistemas secos estacionales con bajo contenido de carbono orgánico en el suelo y alto riesgo de degradación de la tierra y desertificación. Sobre la Unión Europea en general, y en la zona Mediterránea en particular, se cierne una grave problemática de origen medioambiental, con repercusiones a varios niveles y que será especialmente adversa en los ecosistemas agrícolas. En este sentido, las características propias de la agricultura hacen que sea a la vez fuente de emisiones de GEI y receptor de los efectos de las repercusiones del cambio climático. Por tanto, al ser causante y, a la vez, parte afectada, los agricultores pueden desempeñar un papel esencial en la puesta en marcha de medidas mitigadoras y también de adaptación por el interés general pero también por su propio interés. Entre estas medidas, el aumento del carbono orgánico del suelo (COS) es de especial interés en estos sistemas, ya que puede ayudar a construir la resiliencia para la adaptación al cambio climático, aportando soluciones sostenibles a los agricultores, al mismo tiempo que contribuye a mitigar el calentamiento global a través del secuestro de carbono atmosférico (C).
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Agricultural run-off and subsurface drainage tiles transport a significant amount of nitrogen and phosphorus leached after fertilization. alchemia-nova GmbH in collaboration with University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna developed two multi-layer vertical filter systems to address the agricultural run-off issue, which has been installed on the slope of an agricultural field in Mistelbach, Austria. While another multi-layer addressing subsurface drainage water is implemented in Gleisdorf, Austria. The goal is to develop a drainage filter system to retain water and nutrients. Both multi-layer filter systems contain biochar and other substrates with adsorption properties of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus). The filter system can be of practical use if an excess of nutrients being washed out is of concern in the fields of the practitioner by keeping the surrounding waters clean. This approach may result in economic value by re-using the saturated biochar as fertilizer and improving the soil structure, thus increasing long-term soil fertility. Link: https://wateragri.eu/a-bio-inspired-multilayer-drainage-system/
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No 858735This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No 858735. FACTSHEET NANOCELLULOSE MEMBRANES FOR NUTRIENT RECOVERY Key information Functionalized nanocellulose membranes can take up nitrate and phosphate. These membranes can be put in a water treatment unit. As the membranes are biobased, degradable materials, they can after use be added to the soil, thus returning the leached nutrients back for their original purpose providing fertilizers (nutrient recycling).
Because variables such as temperature and humidity have a profound effect on the activity of crop pests, diseases and natural enemies, the ability to monitor environmental conditions within a crop has always been important for crop protection.