Los principales retos y oportunidades que la ganadería tiene que afrontar en el futuro inmediato: una ganadería más eficiente, con menor competencia con la cadena alimentaria, favorecer el bienestar animal y utilizar estrategias de gestión integral y sostenible y reciclar sus deyecciones, consiguiendo un ciclo cerrado con menos externalidades. Por otro lado, se ha producido una separación entre producción agrícola y ganadera que ha provocado, por un lado, excedentes de restos en las zonas puramente ganaderas y escasez de materia orgánica y fertilizantes en zonas eminentemente agrícolas. En el contexto de la Economía Circular y el aprovechamiento óptimo de los nutrientes, parece inevitable volver a vincular ambos sectores y aprovechar adecuadamente los residuos, al tiempo que se mejoran las características del suelo y la producción agrícola. Además, hay que considerar el efecto positivo que un uso racional y adecuado de los residuos ganaderos puede tener sobre el medio ambiente, al sustituir fertilizantes de origen fósil por otros de origen orgánico que retornan, al final, a las zonas de producción de insumos para la ganadería. Así, es necesario analizar y evaluar la oportunidad que existe dentro de las explotaciones ganaderas para transformar un residuo (deyecciones ganaderas) en un recurso (fertilizante).
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Agricultural run-off and subsurface drainage tiles transport a significant amount of nitrogen and phosphorus leached after fertilization. alchemia-nova GmbH in collaboration with University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna developed two multi-layer vertical filter systems to address the agricultural run-off issue, which has been installed on the slope of an agricultural field in Mistelbach, Austria. While another multi-layer addressing subsurface drainage water is implemented in Gleisdorf, Austria. The goal is to develop a drainage filter system to retain water and nutrients. Both multi-layer filter systems contain biochar and other substrates with adsorption properties of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus). The filter system can be of practical use if an excess of nutrients being washed out is of concern in the fields of the practitioner by keeping the surrounding waters clean. This approach may result in economic value by re-using the saturated biochar as fertilizer and improving the soil structure, thus increasing long-term soil fertility. Link: https://wateragri.eu/a-bio-inspired-multilayer-drainage-system/
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No 858735This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No 858735. FACTSHEET NANOCELLULOSE MEMBRANES FOR NUTRIENT RECOVERY Key information Functionalized nanocellulose membranes can take up nitrate and phosphate. These membranes can be put in a water treatment unit. As the membranes are biobased, degradable materials, they can after use be added to the soil, thus returning the leached nutrients back for their original purpose providing fertilizers (nutrient recycling).
Because variables such as temperature and humidity have a profound effect on the activity of crop pests, diseases and natural enemies, the ability to monitor environmental conditions within a crop has always been important for crop protection.